Table 5 Overview of reported ocular side effects related to primary tumor and ICI used
From: Ocular adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors, a scoping review
Total N (%) | Melanoma N (%) | Lung cancer N (%) | Anti-PD-(L)1 N (%) | Anti-CTLA4 N (%) | Combination N (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Uveitis [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85] | 134 (46.2) | 98 (54.7) | 15 (26.8) | 74 (43.5) | 26 (50.0) | 34 (50.0) |
Anterior uveitis | 60 (20.7) | 38 (21.2) | 6 (10.7) | 13 (7.6) | 12 (23.1) | 15 (22.1) |
Intermediate uveitis | 8 (2.8) | 6 (3.4) | 1 (1.8) | 3 (1.8) | 3 (5.8) | 2 (2.9) |
Posterior uveitis | 5 (1.7) | 3 (1.7) | 3 (1.8) | 2 (3.8) | ||
Panuveitis | 26 (9.0) | 18 (10.1) | 4 (7.1) | 12 (7.1) | 3 (5.8) | 4 (4.4) |
VKH like uveitis | 30 (10.3) | 26 (14.5) | 3 (5.4) | 17 (10.0) | 5 (9.6) | 8 (11.8) |
Birdshot like uveitis | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.6) | |||
Undifferentiated uveitis | 5 (1.7) | 3 (1.7) | 1 (1.8) | 3 (1.8) | 2 (3.8) | |
Sarcoidosis | 6 (2.1) | 4 (2.2) | 1 (1.8) | 5 (2.9) | 1 (1.5) | |
Neuro-ophthalmic complications [8,9,10, 22, 32, 59, 86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,123,124,125,126,127,128,129,130,131,132,133] | 71 (24.5) | 34 (19.0) | 27 (48.2) | 45 (26.5) | 6 (11.5) | 20 (29.4) |
Myasthenia gravis | 36 (12.4) | 16 (8.9) | 16 (28.6) | 27 (15.9) | 3 (5.8) | 6 (8.8) |
Optic Nerve disorders | 27 (9.3) | 15 (8.4) | 8 (14.3) | 13 (7.6) | 3 (5.8) | 11 (16.2) |
Other Cranial Nerve disorders | 6 (2.1) | 3 (1.7) | 1 (1.8) | 3 (1.8) | 3 (4.4) | |
LEMS | 2 (0.7) | 2 (3.6) | 2 (1.2) | |||
Orbit and ocular adnexa [11, 14, 134,135,136,137,138,139,140,141,142,143,144,145,146,147,148,149,150,151,152,153,154,155,156,157,158] | 33 (11.4) | 18 (10.1) | 6 (10.7) | 13 (7.6) | 14 (26.9) | 6 (8.8) |
Myositis/Myopathy | 12 (4.1) | 4 (2.2) | 4 (7.1) | 8 (4.7) | 1 (1.9) | 3 (4.4) |
Graves' disease/Thyroid (like) eye disease | 10 (3.4) | 5 (2.8) | 2 (3.6) | 3 (1.8) | 4 (7.7) | 3 (4.4) |
Orbitopathy | 10 (3.4) | 9 (5.0) | 2 (1.2) | 8 (15.4) | ||
Lacrimal gland | 1 (0.3) | 1 (1.9) | ||||
Cornea and ocular surface [9,10,11,12,13,14,15, 159,160,161,162,163,164,165,166,167,168,169,170] | 30 (10.3) | 15 (8.4) | 5 (8.9) | 24 (14.1) | 3 (5.8) | 3 (4.4) |
Conjunctivitis | 5 (1.7) | 2 (1.1) | 2 (3.6) | 3 (1.8) | 1 (1.9) | 1 (1.5) |
Keratitis | 3 (1.0) | 3 (1.7) | 1 (0.6) | 2 (3.8) | ||
(Epi)scleritis | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.6) | ||||
Dry eye / Sicca | 14 (4.8) | 8 (4.5) | 1 (1.8) | 12 (7.1) | 1 (1.9) | 1 (1.5) |
Corneal toxicity | 7 (2.4) | 4 (2.2) | 1 (1.8) | 6 (3.5) | 1 (1.5) | |
Corneal graft rejection | 2 (0.7) | 1 (1.8) | 2 (1.2) | |||
Retina [9, 12, 23, 134, 171,172,173,174,175,176,177,178,179,180,181,182,183,184,185,186] | 26 (9.0) | 18 (10.1) | 3 (5.4) | 18 (10.6) | 4 (7.7) | 4 (5.9) |
MAR | 7 (2.4) | 7 (3.9) | 3 (1.8) | 1 (1.9) | 3 (4.4) | |
AEPVM | 7 (2.4) | 7 (3.9) | 5 (2.9) | 2 (3.8) | ||
Autoimmune retinopathy | 2 (0.7) | 2 (1.2) | ||||
AMN | 6 (2.1) | 1 (1.8) | 6 (3.5) | |||
Fundus depigmentation | 3 (1.0) | 3 (1.7) | 2 (3.6) | 2 (1.2) | 1 (1.5) | |
CNV | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.6) | 1 (1.9) |