Venom ophthalmia (keratoconjunctivitis) caused by nuchal gland secretion of Rhabdophis tigrinus: case report

Matsuura, Kazuki; Inoue, Yoshitsugu

doi:10.1186/s12348-022-00308-z

Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection

Table 1 Clinical features and clinical course of venom ophthalmia induced by Rhabdophis tigrinus, toad, and Aslepsia spp. (since 1950)

From: Venom ophthalmia (keratoconjunctivitis) caused by nuchal gland secretion of Rhabdophis tigrinus: case report

Patient number	Animal, or Plant	Year	Age	Sex	Eye	Pupil	Eye pain	Epiphora	Blurred Vision (BCVA)	Conjuntival injection	Corneal edema	Desmet’s folds	AC Cells	Steroids eye drop, ointment	Systemic steroids	Days to heal
1 [2]	R.tigrinus	1953	28	male	L		+	+	+ (0.3)	+	+		+
2 [2]	R.tigrinus	1957	46	female	R	myosis	+	+	+ (0.1)	+	+	+	+	+		3 days
3 [2]	R.tigrinus	1959	25	male	L	myosis	+	+	+	+	+	+		+		3 days
4 [2]	R.tigrinus	1959	29	male	L	myosis	+		+	+	+	+	+	+		3 days
5 [2]	R.tigrinus	1959	45	male	B	mydriasis	+		+	+	+	+		+		5 days
5 [2]	R.tigrinus	1959	45	male	B	mydriasis	+		R(0.3) L(0.3)	+	+	+		+		5 days
6 [2]	R.tigrinus	1959	48	male	B	mydriasis	+		+	+	+	+	+	+		2 days
6 [2]	R.tigrinus	1959	48	male	B	mydriasis	+		R(0.6) L(0.3)	+	+	+	+	+		2 days
7 [2]	R.tigrinus	1960	36	male	R	myosis	+		+ (0.1)	+	+	+		+		2 days
8 [2]	R.tigrinus	1988	33	male	L		+		+ (0.5)	+	+					1 day
9 [2]	R.tigrinus	1989	36	male	R		+	+	+	+	+	+				3 days
10 [2]	R.tigrinus	1991	39	male	R	myosis	+	+	+ (0.15)	+	+	+	+	+	+	5 days
11 [3]	R.tigrinus	2004	67	male	R		+		+ (0.08)	+	+	+	+	+	+	5 days
12 [3]	R.tigrinus	2004	60	male	L	myosis		+	+ (0.9)	+	+	+	+	+	+	7 days
13 [3]	R.tigrinus	2004	62	male	L				+ (0.6)	+	+	+	+	+	+	5 days
14 [1]	R.tigrinus	2014	40	male	R		+		+ (0.1)	+	+	+		+		5 days
15 [Present Study]	R.tigrinus	2021	72	female	R		+		+ (0.6)	+	+	+		+		5 days
16 [5]	Toad	2007	31	male	B		+		+	+	+	+		+		3 days
16 [5]	Toad	2007	31	male	B		+		R(0.4) L(0.5)	+	+	+		+		3 days
17 [6]	A.physocarpa	2017	74	male	B				+	+	+	+		+		6 days
17 [6]	A.physocarpa	2017	74	male	B				R(0.2) L(0.2)	+	+	+		+		6 days
18 [7]	A.curassavica	1995	60	male	L				+ (0.3)		+	+				2 days
19 [8]	A.physocarpa	2014	65	female	R		+		+ (0.3)	+	+	+		+		7 days
20 [9]	A.fruticosa	2011	73	male	B				+	+	+	+		+		2 days
20 [9]	A.fruticosa	2011	73	male	B				R(c.f.) L(0.5)	+	+	+		+		2 days
21 [10]	A.curassavica	2019	37	male	R		+		+ (0.3)	+	+	+		+		5 days
22 [11]	A.Tuberosa	2017	70	female	L		+		+ (0.05)	+	+	+		+		4 days

BCVA Best correlated visual aquity, A Asclepia, R Rhabdophis

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