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Table 1 The World Health Organization (WHO) classification of xerophthalmia in 1995 [7]

From: Therapy-resistant dry itchy eyes

WHO’s classification of xerophthalmia [7]

XN

Night blindness

X1A

Conjunctival xerosis

X1b

Bitot’s spots

X2

Corneal xerosis

X3A

Corneal ulceration/keratomalacia < 1/3 corneal surface

X3B

Corneal ulceration/keratomalacia ≥ 1/3 corneal surface

XS

Corneal scar

XF

Xerophthalmic fundus