Table 4 Summary of studies showing the efficacy of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in inflammatory choroidal neovascularization (studies with sample size ≥ 5 eyes)
Author (year); country | Design; sample size | Disease | Mean no of injections; agent | Mean follow-up | Efficacy outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Roy et al. (2017); India [18] | Retrospective; 30 eyes (28 patients) | Idiopathic choroiditis, toxoplasmosis, panuveitis, VKH, serpiginous choroiditis | 2.76; (bevacizumab, ranibizumab) | 17.93 ± 14.28 months | Improvement in visual acuity in 53.3%; stabilization in 26.6% |
Korol et al. (2017); Ukraine [154] | Prospective cohort; 15 eyes (14 patients) | Toxoplasmosis | 1.7 (aflibercept) | 12 months | Visual acuity improved from 0.36 to 0.64 (p = 0.0002) |
Parodi et al. (2014); Italy [76] | Prospective; 7 eyes (7 patients) | Serpiginous choroiditis | 1 injection in 12 months (bevacizumab) | 12 months | Visual acuity improvement in 52% and stabilization in 57% |
Mansour et al. (2012); Lebanon [155] | Retrospective; 8 eyes (8 patients) | VKH, PIC, toxoplasmosis | 1.375 (bevacizumab) | 5 years | Visual acuity improved (median gain of 3.8 lines) |
Iannetti et al. (2013); Italy [156] | Prospective study; 8 eyes (8 patients) | Posterior uveitis | 3.75 ± 1.38 (bevacizumab) | 19.25 ± 6 months | Visual acuity improved from 0.27 to 0.5 (p < 0.05) |
Julian et al. (2011); France [157] | Retrospective; 15 eyes (15 patients) | Multifocal choroiditis with panuveitis, ampiginous choroiditis, and others | 4.25 (in 12 eyes); 3 eyes received only 1 injection (bevacizumab) | 17.6 months | Visual acuity improved from 0.53 to 0.29 |
Cornish et al. (2011); UK [158] | Retrospective; 9 eyes (9 patients) | PIC | 2.34 injections per year (bevacizumab and ranibizumab) | 14.9 months | Visual acuity gain was 0.36 LogMAR units |
Kramer et al. (2010); Israel [159] | Retrospective; 10 eyes (10 patients) | Multifocal choroiditis, PIC, toxoplasmosis, POHS, serpiginous choroiditis, and panuveitis | 2.7 ± 2 (bevacizumab) | 13 ± 8 months | Visual acuity improved from 0.87 ± 0.74 to 0.38 ± 0.63 (p = 0.005) |
Lott et al. (2009); USA [160] | Retrospective; 34 eyes (30 patients) | Multifocal choroiditis, PIC, VKH, idiopathic panuveitis, sarcoidosis, serpiginous choroiditis, toxocariasis, POHS, CMV retinitis, and others | 2 (bevacizumab) | 7 months | At 6 months, visual acuity improved in 17% and stabilized in 33% |
Doctor et al. (2009); USA [161] | Retrospective; 6 eyes (5 patients) | Idiopathic panuveitis, birdshot chorioretinopathy, sympathetic ophthalmia, VKH, and multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis | 2.7 (bevacizumab) | 15.3 months | Visual acuity improved in 60% of cases |
Fine et al. (2009); USA [95] | Retrospective; 6 eyes (5 patients) | Multifocal choroiditis | 2.3 (bevacizumab) | 6 months | 5/6 eyes improved to 20/30 acuity or better at 6 months |
Schadlu et al. (2008); USA [87] | Retrospective; 28 eyes (28 patients) | POHS | 1.8 (bevacizumab) | 22.43 weeks | Visual acuity improved from 0.65 to 0.43 LogMAR units |
Adan et al. (2007); Spain [162] | Retrospective; 9 eyes of 9 patients | PIC, serpiginous choroiditis, multifocal choroiditis, POHS, and birdshot chorioretinopathy | 7 eyes received 1 injection (bevacizumab) | 7.1 months | CNV resolved completely in 100% affected eyes |